The Holy Popes of Rome according to the First Millennium
- Part One: The Patriarchs of Constantinople
- Part Two: The Archbishops of Jerusalem
- Part Three: The Popes of Alexandria
- Part Four: The Patriarchs of Antioch
Calendars
The calendars that I have used for this compilation come from the Patriarchates of Rome & Constantinople.
Rome
The Martyrology of Usuard = Jacques Dubois, ed., Le Martyrologe d'Usuard: Texte et Commentaire (Brussels: Bollandist Society, 1965). Usuard was a monk who produced a Martyrology during the 9th century. Dubois used the 9th century MS. "Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris, Manuscript Latin 13745" which is available online in a scanned copy here.
The Martyrology of Notker = Jacques Paul Migne, ed., Patrologia Latina, Volume 131 (1853). Just like Usuard, Notker "The Stammerer" was a monk who produced a Martyrology around the year 900. A single MS. copy of the Martyrology survives (St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 456), written around 900─950, and which Migne included in his monumental Patrologia Latina. The MS. can be found online in a scanned copy here.
The Martyrology of Ado = A MS. (St. Gallen, Stifrsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 454) from 880─890 that is available in an online scanned copy here.
The Martyrology of Jerome = Marijana Vukovic, The Cult of Saints. This Martryology traditionally ascribed to Jerome are some of the oldest martyrologies that we have. The MSS. that I have used in this list are the following:
MS. BNF (Bibliotheque Nationale de France, Latine 10837) which is a MS. written by a scribe named Laurentius in the years 703─710 and is available in a scanned copy here.
MS. Bern (Burgerbibliothek, Bongars 289) which is a MS. written ca. 800 ─ ca. 866.
MS. Weissenburg (Herzog August Bibliothek, Weissenburg 81) which is a MS. written in the second half of the 8th century and available online in a scanned copy here.
Constantinople
The Typicon of the Great Church = Juan Mateos, ed. and tr., Le Typicon de la Grande Église, Volume 1 (Rome: 1962). The Typicon shows the church calendar used in the Hagia Sophia at the middle of the tenth century. It relies on two manuscripts:
Codex H (Holy Cross Monastery Codex 40) is dated by Mateos to the years 950-970, with 950-959 being the more probable. Venance Grumel however dates the ms. to the end of the tenth century, and believes it to be an edited copy of an earlier work. [Venance Grumel, 'Le Typicon de la Grande Église d'apres le Manuscrit de Sainte-Croix: Datation et Origine', Analecta Bollandia, 85 (1967), 45-57] Regardless the ms. certainly seems to be from the tenth century. This manuscript covers the entire year, with only a few days at the end of August absent.
Codex P (Patmos Codex 266) is dated from the second half of the ninth century to the first half of the tenth. This manuscript covers the entire year.
A Note on the Dating
The dates of the Patriarchs are taken from Venance Grumel, La Chronologie (Paris: 1958), pp. 430─433. Many of the early bishops are of indeterminable dates.
List of the Popes of Rome
Linus (?─?)
Anacletus (?─?)
Clement (?─?)
Usuard, p. 346 [MS. fol. 81r] (Nov. 23)
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Pope Clement (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Clemens_Romanus.jpg) |
Evaristus (?─?)
Alexander I (?─?)
Sixtus [Xystus] I (?─?)
Telsephorus (?─?)
Hyginus (?─?)
Pius I (?─?)
Anicietus (?─?)
Soter (?─?)
Eleutherius (?─?)
Victor I (?─?)
Zephyrinus (?─?)
Callistus [Callixtus] I (?─?)
Urban I (?─?)
Pontian (?─?)
Anterus (?─?)
Fabian (?─?)
Cornelius (?─?)
Usuard, p. 302 [MS. fol. 65v] (Sep. 14)
Lucius I (?─?)
Stephen I (?─?)
Sixtus [Xystus] II (?─?)
Dionysius (?─?)
Felix I (?─?)
Eutychian (?─?)
Caius [Gaius] (283─296)
Marcellinus (296─304)
Marcellus I (308─309)
Eusebius (309─310)
Patrologia Latina, Vol. 131, col. 1156B [MS. p. 373─374] (Oct. 2)
Miltiades (311─314)
Sylvester I (314─335)
Mark (336)
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Pope Mark (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pope_Mark.jpg) |
Julius I (337─352)
Liberius (352─366)
Felix II [Anti-Pope] (355─365)
Usuard, p. 275 [MS. fol. 53v] (Jul. 29)
Damasus (366─384)
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Pope Damasus (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pope_Damasus.jpg) |
Siricius (384─399)
Anstasius I (399─401)
Innocent I (401─417)
Zosimus (417─418)
Boniface I (418─422)
Celestine (422─432)
Sixtus III (432─440)
Patrologia Latina, Vol. 131, col. 1059C [MS. p. 79] (Mar. 28)
Leo (440─461)
Hilary (461─468)
Simplicius (468─483)
Gelasius (492─496)
Hormisdas (514─523)
John I (523─526)
Agapitus I (535─536)
Silverius (536─537)
Gregory I (590─604)
Theodore (642─649)
Martin (649─655)
Agatho (678-681)
Pope Agatho (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pope_Agatho_(Menologion_of_Basil_II).jpg) |
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